This study investigates the efficiency of PVDF hollow fiber membrane bioreactors for treating municipal/industrial wastewater. A range of variables, including hydraulic retention time and feed concentration, were manipulated to optimize system performance. The results demonstrated that PVDF hollow fiber membrane bioreactors offer a viable solution

Membrane bioreactors MBRs represent a sophisticated development in wastewater processing. This approach seamlessly combines biological filtration with membrane barrier, achieving superior quality of click here treated water. MBRs excel in producing effluent that meets stringent discharge regulations. The adaptability of MBR technology allows its a